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SQL & Databases Masterclass Course

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LESSON WORKSPACEAdvanced

SQL Lesson 26: Dynamic SQL (Runtime Query Execution)

Introduction & Core Concept

Dynamic SQL is a programming technique that allows you to construct SQL statements dynamically at runtime. You can build the query as a string, and then execute that string.

Why & Where We Use It
  • Why We Use It: Standard SQL requires table names and column names to be known at compile time. If you are building a search screen where the user can choose which table to search, or which columns to return, you need Dynamic SQL.
  • Where We Use It: Complex reporting systems, automated database maintenance scripts, and highly flexible search APIs.
    • 💡 MSSQL Tip: In Microsoft SQL Server, you can execute a string using EXEC(), but it is highly recommended to use sp_executesql instead! sp_executesql allows you to pass parameters securely, which prevents SQL Injection attacks!
    Syntax Example (MSSQL)
    -- Example using sp_executesql
DECLARE @sqlQuery NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE @tableName NVARCHAR(100) = 'users';

-- Construct the query string
SET @sqlQuery = N'SELECT * FROM ' + QUOTENAME(@tableName) + N' WHERE status = @status';

-- Execute the query with parameters
EXEC sp_executesql 
    @stmt = @sqlQuery,
    @params = N'@status NVARCHAR(50)',
    @status = 'Active';
    Interactive Sandboxed Terminal (Preloaded DB Schema: SHOPMART)
    SQL Query WorkspaceSQLite v3.45 (WASM Mode)
    QUICK INSERT:
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